鐵藝大門制作的過程

　　The process of making iron gates

　　鐵藝做為文化的傳承，絕對(duì)不是所謂生產(chǎn)流水線可以造就的。它的定位不簡(jiǎn)單的是鐵制品，更多的是眾多藝術(shù)家的設(shè)計(jì)給予它的靈魂，增加它的藝術(shù)性。

　　Iron art, as a cultural heritage, cannot be created by so-called production lines. Its positioning is not simply iron products, but more importantly, the designs of numerous artists give it soul and increase its artistic value.

　　第一：鐵藝制作首先要與客戶進(jìn)行詳細(xì)的溝通，客戶的審美條理和愛好、風(fēng)格要求、產(chǎn)品功能、材質(zhì)要求、外形要求、構(gòu)造強(qiáng)度要求、外表結(jié)果要求、施工現(xiàn)場(chǎng)狀況、與現(xiàn)場(chǎng)其他工序共同狀況等等，都要清晰掌控。在了解客戶要求的前提下，再對(duì)房屋、園林所在地環(huán)境進(jìn)行調(diào)研，綜合各方面的條件進(jìn)行全方位的解析。設(shè)計(jì)人員會(huì)從各類綜合要素統(tǒng)籌布置構(gòu)圖設(shè)計(jì)，發(fā)揮創(chuàng)造力和想象力，從專業(yè)的角度與客戶溝通，使兩者的意向趨與一致。設(shè)計(jì)構(gòu)圖方案確定之后，設(shè)計(jì)師先手繪多張草圖，經(jīng)客戶甄選之后，再出3D結(jié)果圖或CAD圖紙。

　　Firstly, the production of wrought iron requires detailed communication with the customer, including their aesthetic preferences, style requirements, product functions, material requirements, appearance requirements, structural strength requirements, appearance results requirements, construction site conditions, and common conditions with other processes on site, all of which must be clearly controlled. On the premise of understanding the customer's requirements, conduct research on the environment where the house and garden are located, and comprehensively analyze the conditions from all aspects. Designers will coordinate and arrange composition design from various comprehensive elements, unleash creativity and imagination, and communicate with clients from a professional perspective to align their intentions. After the design composition scheme is determined, the designer first draws multiple sketches by hand, and after being selected by the client, produces a 3D result or CAD drawing.

　　第二：在圖紙放樣時(shí)，鐵匠師傅依照1:1的比例刻畫出各個(gè)部件，對(duì)原材料進(jìn)行鍛軋和歪曲。鍛砸加工時(shí)，有冷鍛和熱鍛，因材料厚度和工藝要求辨別運(yùn)用電動(dòng)空氣錘或手錘砸制。鐵砧、鑿子、鉗子、花模、花錘、紅爐、淬火水桶、砂輪機(jī)、磨光機(jī)、臺(tái)鉗、切割機(jī)、彎管機(jī)、鉆孔機(jī)、電焊機(jī)及各類輔助工具、輔助工具是鐵匠的必備兵器。鍛打或歪曲出的各類花葉紋理、枝蔓、曲線、立體結(jié)果，是鐵藝工作者聰明和手藝的完美展現(xiàn)。純熟的工匠流利而有節(jié)拍的又快又準(zhǔn)的勞做，幾乎就是在藝術(shù)扮演，這個(gè)進(jìn)程繁瑣且流暢的進(jìn)行，每一滴揮灑的汗水，每一次與鐵的碰撞，它是鐵藝價(jià)值可否增值的重中之重，工藝品的附加值全憑此。平均每面積在8㎡的鐵藝大門，需要9600分鐘的制作周期，158000次的捶打，要并依據(jù)本人對(duì)鐵藝材質(zhì)和工藝要求等經(jīng)驗(yàn)，對(duì)圖紙線條的走向進(jìn)行小改動(dòng)。最終整合拼裝成一扇完整的鐵藝大門。

　　Secondly, during the blueprint layout, the blacksmith delineates each component in a 1:1 ratio, forging and distorting the raw materials. When forging and smashing, there are cold forging and hot forging, and electric air hammers or hand hammers are used for hammering due to material thickness and process requirements. Anvil, chisel, pliers, flower mold, flower hammer, red furnace, quenching water bucket, grinding wheel machine, polishing machine, vise, cutting machine, pipe bending machine, drilling machine, welding machine and various auxiliary tools are essential weapons for blacksmiths. The various flower and leaf textures, branches, curves, and three-dimensional results forged or distorted are the perfect display of the intelligence and craftsmanship of ironworkers. A skilled craftsman's fluent, rhythmic, fast, and precise labor is almost like an artistic performance. This process is tedious and smooth, and every drop of sweat and collision with iron is the most important factor in whether the value of iron art can increase. The added value of handicrafts depends entirely on this. A wrought iron gate with an average area of 8 square meters requires a production cycle of 9600 minutes and 158000 blows. Based on my experience in wrought iron material and process requirements, I need to make minor changes to the direction of the drawing lines. Finally integrated and assembled into a complete wrought iron gate.

　　第三：.注重鐵藝的表層處置。鐵藝產(chǎn)物組裝后還屬于半制品，還需除銹、打磨、拋光。放射除銹是首選的除銹辦法，手工和動(dòng)力東西除銹僅為放射除銹的增補(bǔ)伎倆。涂漆之前鐵藝產(chǎn)品的工件外表底層有焊渣、焊疤、塵土、油污、水、毛刺、泥砂等污垢。這個(gè)進(jìn)程是考驗(yàn)一個(gè)鐵藝工場(chǎng)治理程度的主要目標(biāo)。我們感覺這個(gè)順序的重要性甚至重于其他順序，這個(gè)順序的耗費(fèi)工時(shí)甚至要比前邊的工時(shí)還要漫長(zhǎng)，它直接影響了后期油漆附出力結(jié)果和制品的精致水平。結(jié)合各類條件的綜合考慮，在我們南京我們?cè)谇捌谶x材階段就已經(jīng)在原材料的防銹防腐做了詳細(xì)的工作安排，在南京理工大學(xué)防腐防銹技術(shù)支持下，對(duì)所有的鐵藝制作原料進(jìn)行了處理。大大減少后期處理工期長(zhǎng)的問題。在鐵藝制品成型之后再對(duì)表面進(jìn)行上漆，而且鐵藝制品的上漆次數(shù)可不是一次兩次，少則4次以上、多則有8次左右。在室外涂裝時(shí)環(huán)境溫度要在5-38℃之間，如果在陽光直接照射下，鐵藝大門的表面溫度能比氣溫高8-12℃，而在室內(nèi)無陽光直接照射的情況，鐵藝大門表面溫度只比氣溫高2-3℃。?涂裝時(shí)漆膜的耐熱性只能在40℃以下，超過43℃時(shí)，鐵藝大門產(chǎn)品表面上的漆膜就容易產(chǎn)生氣泡而局部鼓起，使附著力降低。低于0℃時(shí)，在室外涂裝容易使漆膜凍結(jié)而不易固化。最佳的涂裝時(shí)間是當(dāng)日出3小時(shí)后，這時(shí)附在鋼材表面的露點(diǎn)基本干燥，日落后3小時(shí)內(nèi)停止(室內(nèi)作業(yè)不限)，此時(shí)空氣中的相對(duì)濕度尚未回升，鐵藝大門產(chǎn)品表面尚存的溫度不會(huì)導(dǎo)致露點(diǎn)形成。?相對(duì)濕度不應(yīng)大于85%，超過時(shí)，鐵藝大門表面有露點(diǎn)凝結(jié)，漆膜附著力差。涂層后4小時(shí)之內(nèi)，漆膜表面尚未固化，容易被雨水沖壞，所以在4小時(shí)之內(nèi)不得淋雨。涂裝完畢的鐵藝大門表面不應(yīng)有誤漆、漏涂、脫皮、皺皮、乳突、流墜、針眼、氣泡、返銹、空鼓、顯凹陷、粉化松散、浮漿等外觀缺陷，涂層應(yīng)均勻。?在鐵藝的大門未安裝前，將其上的灰塵及污漬清理干凈，以保證油漆施工的效果及質(zhì)量，避免油漆在上漆一段時(shí)間后出現(xiàn)開裂脫落的現(xiàn)象。 鐵藝大門油漆施工是鐵藝大門的質(zhì)量及美觀度的保證，其能夠有效的防止鐵藝大門中的鐵與空氣中的氧或生活中酸堿物質(zhì)接觸后，發(fā)生氧化生銹等化學(xué)反應(yīng)。正是因?yàn)榍捌诤笃诙荚阼F藝防腐防銹工作的高度重視，所有在咱們我們的鐵藝制品相比較同等質(zhì)量的其他制品壽命要呈幾何翻倍式的增長(zhǎng)。

　　Thirdly: Pay attention to the surface treatment of wrought iron. After assembly, wrought iron products still belong to semi-finished products and require rust removal, grinding, and polishing. Radiation rust removal is the preferred method of rust removal, while manual and powered rust removal are only supplementary tricks for radiation rust removal. Before painting, the outer layer of the workpiece of the wrought iron product is covered with welding slag, welding scars, dust, oil stains, water, burrs, mud, sand and other dirt. This process is the main objective to test the level of governance of an iron factory. We feel that the importance of this sequence is even greater than other sequences, and the labor cost of this sequence is even longer than the previous ones. It directly affects the later paint adhesion results and the exquisite level of the product. Taking into account various conditions, we have already made detailed work arrangements for rust and corrosion prevention of raw materials in the early stage of material selection in Nanjing. With the support of anti-corrosion and rust prevention technology from Nanjing University of Science and Technology, we have processed all the raw materials for iron production. Greatly reducing the problem of long post-processing time. After the formation of wrought iron products, the surface is painted, and the number of times wrought iron products are painted is not once or twice, ranging from 4 or more times to about 8 times. When painting outdoors, the ambient temperature should be between 5-38 ℃. If exposed to direct sunlight, the surface temperature of the wrought iron gate can be 8-12 ℃ higher than the air temperature. However, in the absence of direct sunlight indoors, the surface temperature of the wrought iron gate is only 2-3 ℃ higher than the air temperature.? The heat resistance of the paint film during coating can only be below 40 ℃. When it exceeds 43 ℃, the paint film on the surface of the iron gate product is prone to bubbles and local bulges, reducing adhesion. When the temperature is below 0 ℃, outdoor painting can easily freeze the paint film and make it difficult to cure. The optimal painting time is 3 hours after the sun sets, when the dew point attached to the steel surface is basically dry. It should be stopped within 3 hours after sunset (indoor work is not limited). At this time, the relative humidity in the air has not yet risen, and the remaining temperature on the surface of the iron gate product will not cause dew point formation.? The relative humidity should not exceed 85%. When exceeded, there will be dew point condensation on the surface of the wrought iron gate, and the adhesion of the paint film will be poor. Within 4 hours after coating, the surface of the paint film has not yet cured and is easily damaged by rainwater, so it should not be exposed to rain within 4 hours. The surface of the painted iron gate should not have any appearance defects such as paint errors, omissions, peeling, wrinkling, bumps, sagging, pinholes, bubbles, rust, hollowing, obvious depressions, powdery looseness, floating slurry, etc. The coating should be uniform.? Before installing the iron gate, clean the dust and stains on it to ensure the effectiveness and quality of the paint application, and avoid cracking and peeling of the paint after a period of time. The painting construction of wrought iron gates is a guarantee of the quality and aesthetics of wrought iron gates. It can effectively prevent chemical reactions such as oxidation and rust from occurring when the iron in wrought iron gates comes into contact with oxygen in the air or acidic and alkaline substances in daily life. It is precisely because of the high attention paid to anti-corrosion and rust prevention work in the early and later stages of our iron products that the lifespan of our iron products has exponentially increased compared to other products of the same quality.

　　第四：售后服務(wù)這個(gè)版塊，最后在鐵藝成品完整安裝交付到客戶手中之后，我們工作時(shí)間以內(nèi)隨時(shí)與客戶保持聯(lián)系，實(shí)時(shí)溝通客戶使用體驗(yàn)以及遇到的各類情況。每次交付一件鐵藝制品，我們都會(huì)成立一個(gè)專門跟進(jìn)小組，及時(shí)為客戶提出的疑惑或者遇到的問題進(jìn)行答復(fù)，對(duì)問題較復(fù)雜的情況，會(huì)有專門的處理小組上門與客戶面對(duì)面交流解決。

　　Fourthly, in the after-sales service section, after the complete installation and delivery of the wrought iron products to the customers, we will keep in touch with them at all times during working hours, communicate with them in real time about their usage experience and various situations encountered. Every time we deliver a piece of wrought iron product, we will establish a dedicated follow-up team to promptly respond to any questions or issues raised by the customer. For more complex situations, a dedicated team will come to the customer's door to communicate and solve them face-to-face.

　　流水生產(chǎn)只是復(fù)制，唯有手工才是傳承。我們一直致力于對(duì)文化的尊重，對(duì)歷史的傳承。為每一個(gè)與我們同行的人獻(xiàn)上一份來自鐵藝的美好。

　　Flow production is just replication, only manual labor is inheritance. We have always been committed to respecting culture and inheriting history. To offer a beautiful tribute from wrought iron to every person who walks with us.

　　本文由  濟(jì)南鐵藝大門  奉獻(xiàn).更多有關(guān)的知識(shí)請(qǐng)點(diǎn)擊  http://www.bangfukeji.cn/   真誠(chéng)的態(tài)度.為您提供為全面的服務(wù).更多有關(guān)的知識(shí)我們將會(huì)陸續(xù)向大家奉獻(xiàn).敬請(qǐng)期待.

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